MiniCPM-o 4.5 is the latest and most capable model in the MiniCPM-o series, built as an end-to-end omni-modal AI model based on SigLip2, Whisper-medium, CosyVoice2, and Qwen3-8B with a total of 9B parameters. It is designed for users who need a powerful, multimodal AI that can process vision, speech, and text in real-time, with the main purpose of enabling fluid, real-time omnimodal conversation experiences. The model is particularly suited for deployment on local devices and offers both instruct and thinking modes to cover efficiency and performance trade-offs in different user scenarios.
The model addresses the need for a compact yet highly capable AI that can handle multiple modalities simultaneously without the latency and blocking typical of sequential processing. It solves the problem of creating a natural, interactive AI assistant that can understand and respond to visual and auditory inputs in real-time, which matters for applications like live commentary, proactive assistance, and immersive conversational interfaces where timing and fluidity are critical.
A key feature is its leading visual capability, achieving an average score of 77.6 on OpenCompass across 8 popular benchmarks. With only 9B parameters, it surpasses widely used proprietary models like GPT-4o and Gemini 2.0 Pro, and approaches Gemini 2.5 Flash for vision-language capabilities. It supports high-resolution images up to 1.8 million pixels and high-FPS videos up to 10fps in any aspect ratio efficiently.
Another major feature is its strong speech capability, supporting bilingual real-time speech conversation with configurable voices in English and Chinese. It delivers more natural, expressive, and stable speech conversation and allows for fun features such as voice cloning and role play via a simple reference audio clip, where the cloning performance surpasses strong TTS tools such as CosyVoice2. It also achieves state-of-the-art performance for end-to-end English document parsing on OmniDocBench, outperforming proprietary models such as Gemini-3 Flash and GPT-5, and specialized tools such as DeepSeek-OCR 2.
The model introduces a new full-duplex and proactive multimodal live streaming capability. It can process real-time, continuous video and audio input streams simultaneously while generating concurrent text and speech output streams in an end-to-end fashion, without mutual blocking. This allows MiniCPM-o 4.5 to see, listen, and speak simultaneously, creating a fluid, real-time omnimodal conversation experience. Beyond reactive responses, the model can also perform proactive interaction, such as initiating reminders or comments based on its continuous understanding of the live scene.
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The product works through an end-to-end omni-modal architecture where the modality encoders/decoders and LLM are densely connected via hidden states, enabling better information flow and control and facilitating full exploitation of rich multimodal knowledge during training. Its full-duplex omni-modal live streaming mechanism turns offline modality encoder/decoders into online and full-duplex ones for streaming inputs/outputs, with a speech token decoder that models text and speech tokens in an interleaved fashion to support full-duplex speech generation. All input and output streams are synced on a timeline in milliseconds and jointly modeled by a time-division multiplexing (TDM) mechanism for omni-modality streaming processing in the LLM backbone.
Benefits for users include access to a highly efficient model that delivers top-tier multimodal performance at a fraction of the parameter count of larger models, enabling local deployment on devices like phones, MacBooks, and PCs. Users experience natural, real-time conversations with an AI that can understand and respond to both visual and auditory cues proactively, enhancing interactive applications. The model's trustworthy behaviors, matching Gemini 2.5 Flash on MMHal-Bench, and support for multilingual capabilities on more than 30 languages further broaden its utility and reliability.
Concrete use cases include real-time speech conversation with voice cloning for role-playing scenarios, such as mimicking Elon Musk's voice for interactive Q&A. It can be used for live sports commentary, where the model provides continuous analysis based on video feeds. Another use case is document parsing and OCR for high-accuracy text extraction from complex layouts. The model also supports proactive interaction in live streaming environments, offering reminders or comments based on visual and audio context.
The target users are developers, researchers, and businesses seeking a powerful, open-source multimodal AI for integration into applications requiring real-time vision, speech, and text processing. It is ideal for those needing local inference on devices via support for llama.cpp, Ollama, vLLM, SGLang, and FlagOS. The model offers easy usage with PyTorch inference on Nvidia GPUs for precision, quantized models in int4 and GGUF formats for efficiency, and open-sourced web demos for full-duplex multimodal live streaming on local devices.
In summary, MiniCPM-o 4.5 provides a breakthrough in omni-modal AI by combining state-of-the-art vision and speech capabilities with full-duplex streaming in a compact 9B parameter model, making advanced multimodal interactions accessible and efficient for local deployment and real-time applications.
Developers, researchers, and businesses seeking a powerful, open-source multimodal AI for integration into applications requiring real-time vision, speech, and text processing. Ideal for those needing local inference on devices via support for llama.cpp, Ollama, vLLM, SGLang, and FlagOS. Targets users in fields like live streaming, education, document analysis, and interactive assistants who value compact models with top-tier performance and full-duplex capabilities for natural, proactive interactions.
Updated 2026-02-28